
An integration and amplification of two earlier volumes by the same author: The queen of the sciences, 1931 and The handmaiden of the sciences, 1937, this book presents a history of pure and applied mathematics.
- https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22YAKOV+PERE...
2. Men of Mathematics and Mathematics: Queen and Servant of Science both by E.T.Bell
- https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Bell%2C+Er...
3. More recently, i found Who Is Fourier?: A Mathematical Adventure excellent. It is written in "manga" style but the contents are great! Every student should read this.
- Concepts of Modern Mathematics - https://www.amazon.com/Concepts-Modern-Mathematics-Dover-Boo...
- Methods of Mathematics Applied to Calculus, Probability, and Statistics - https://www.amazon.com/Methods-Mathematics-Calculus-Probabil... (all books by Richard Hamming are recommended)
- Calculus: An Intuitive and Physical Approach - https://www.amazon.com/Calculus-Intuitive-Physical-Approach-...
For a Textbook reference, the following are quite good;
- Mathematical Techniques: An Introduction for the Engineering, Physical, and Mathematical Sciences - https://www.amazon.com/Mathematical-Techniques-Introduction-... (easy to read and succinct)
- Mathematics for Physicists: Introductory Concepts and Methods - https://www.amazon.com/Mathematics-Physicists-Introductory-C...
For General reading (all these authors other books are also worth checking out);
- Mathematics, Queen and Servant of Science - https://www.amazon.com/Mathematics-Queen-Servant-Science-Tem...
- Mathematics and the Physical World - https://www.amazon.com/Mathematics-Physical-World-Dover-Book...
- Mathematician's Delight - https://www.amazon.com/Mathematicians-Delight-Dover-Books-Ma...
If you want to learn ABOUT math, Davis and Hersch's "The Mathematical Experience" is a fairly easy read about philosophy of math, how it is used, and a bit about studying math.
Eric Temple Bell's "Mathematics: Queen and Servant of Science" is a bit dated but an excellent history of math for someone interested in learning to do advanced math; the author's a bit biased towards algebra over analysis, number theory, and geometry, but not excessively so. Its biggest lack is only one short chapter on probability and statistics. This is not a particularly easy read since it covers things in some depth, but I think it is worth the effort.