[1]https://courses.media.mit.edu/2004spring/mas966/Peirce%20187...
Peirce's "How to Make Our Ideas Clear": https://courses.media.mit.edu/2004spring/mas966/Peirce%20187...
[1] https://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/5396/5525631/docu...
Edit: Some Consequences of Four Incapacities[3] is another that deals with how we understand things.
[1]http://www.peirce.org/writings/p32.html
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Fixation_of_Belief
It begins amusingly
> Few persons care to study logic, because everybody conceives himself to be proficient enough in the art of reasoning already. But I observe that this satisfaction is limited to one's own ratiocination, and does not extend to that of other men.
They were originally part 1 and 2 of the 6-part Illustrations of the Logic of Science.
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Charles_Sanders_Peirce