
Distinguished British economist John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946) set off a series of movements that drastically altered the ways in which economists view the world. In his most important work, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (1936), Keynes critiqued the laissez-faire policies of his day, particularly the proposition that a normally functioning market economy would bring full employment. Keynes's forward-looking work transformed economics from merely a descriptive and analytic discipline into one that is policy oriented. For Keynes, enlightened government intervention in a nation's economic life was essential to curbing what he saw as the inherent inequalities and instabilities of unregulated capitalism.
I recommend reading The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money by John Maynard Keynes. Chapter 10 discusses this in some detail. (While reading, keep in mind that John Maynard Keynes is not correct.)
After that you will have to update your understanding of money to the modern system of deposits being created through debt which is a simple result of money being equivalent to accounting aka MMT. I recommend reading Wolfgang Stützel's "balance mechanics" just to get a basic understanding about global mathematical identities in accounting and dividing the economy into large sectors that interact with each other and "Money Syndrome" by Helmut Creutz.
If you are lazy and don't have time you can also watch the root bug videos on YouTube. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=xkQn56Dtslk
[0] https://www.amazon.com/General-Theory-Employment-Interest-Il...
Schumpeter - History of economic analysis
Adam Smith - Theory of Moral Sentiments
Kaynes - The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
Marx - Capital
Benjamin Graham - The Intelligent Investor
Galbraith - The Affluent Society
Galbraith - The Great Crash
Milton Friedman - Capitalism and Freedom
Nassim Taleb - Black Swan
Ron Suskind - Confidence Men
Scott Patterson - Dark Pools
If you want to delve into heterodox economics afterward, start with the following:
Hayek - Individualism and Economic Order
Mises - Human Action
Rothbard - Man, Economy, State
Keynes - The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
Ben Bernanke - Essays on the Great Depression
Robert Shiller - Irrational Exuberance
Levitt and Dubner - Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything
Daniel Kahneman - Thinking, fast and slow
