
Contains graphical methods and principles for visualizing data in science and technology. Emphasizes the basic ideas, methods, and principles for creating readable graphs through an understanding of human visual and graphical perception, with a small section on computer graphics. Covers graphical methods, such as logarithms, visual reference grids, and statistical variation, and issues in graphical perception, including superposed curves, color encoding, and graphing along a common scale. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
- The elements of graphing data
- Visualizing data
The first one is of general interest, the second one more specialized for statisticians.Cleveland worked at Bell Labs and his work is timeless and very practical. It isn't about artwork or making things look nice. It's about communicating information. I like to contrast his work with Tufte's. Tufte comes up with some nice stuff but I find it to be more art than science where the information is clearly sacrificed to ascetics. With visualizations I always ask myself, "Do you know more now about what is going on than you did before or is it just something nice to look at?" Way too often it's the latter.
[1] https://www.amazon.com/Elements-Graphing-Data-William-Clevel...
[2] https://www.amazon.com/Visualizing-Data-William-S-Cleveland/...
Personally, I liked Cleveland's "Elements of Graphing Data" (http://www.amazon.com/Elements-Graphing-Data-William-Clevela...) better than "Visualizing Data", though they overlap a lot.
For more "intuition about working with data, especially if you're a visual person," Howard Wainer's books are wonderful; one example is "Graphic Discovery: A Trout in the Milk and Other Visual Adventures." They're non-technical, short chapters, discussions of different data sets.
Bill Cleveland's "Visualizing Data" and "Elements of Graphing Data" cover the same material -- graphing data -- at a more technical level. I don't know Cleveland's books would help with the issues you asked about, but... they are amazing books and if you're interested in the subject at all I can't recommend them highly enough.
I don't have any free recommendations, unfortunately.
A colleague uses MatPlotLib under Python. He makes nice-looking plots with it, and when I watch him driving it, I feel like I could learn to work with it pretty easily. The only reason I haven't given it a real try is the cost of setting up the larger framework I would want to use to generate the points I plot.
I used gnuplot for a project. It's conceptually easy to work with, but the inconsistent looks between different output formats (e.g., PNG vs SVG) made me choose it simply because scripting it from the command line was easy. Another gripe I had was that, given a file with multiple columns of data to plot, it has to parse the file once for every curve it puts in the plot. Finally, I found gnuplot wasn't very smart about how it chose points when plotting expressions (e.g., telling it to plot "sin(x)" rather than passing it points on a sine curve).
Re guides, I liked William Cleveland's "Elements of Graphing Data". However, I'm not widely-read on this subject, so this is kind of one point in the noise.