
Mathematical Illiteracy and its Consequences is a 1988 book by mathematician John Allen Paulos about innumeracy (deficiency of numeracy) as the mathematical equivalent of illiteracy: incompetence with numbers rather than words. Innumeracy is a problem with many otherwise educated and knowledgeable people.
Ian Ayres (2007) Super Crunchers: Why Thinking by Numbers is the New Way to Be Smart.
Joseph Healey (2020) Statistics: A Tool for Social Research [This is the textbook used in the class, which I highly recommend].
John Allen Paulos (1988) Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences.
Nate Silver (2012) The Signal and the Noise: Why So Many Predictions Fail, but Some Don't.
Nassim Nicholas Taleb (2005) Fooled by Randomness, second edition.
Nassim Nicholas Taleb (2010) The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable, second edition.
Ian Ayres (2007) Super Crunchers: Why Thinking by Numbers is the New Way to Be Smart
Joseph Healey (2020) Statistics: A Tool for Social Research [This is the textbook used in the class, which I highly recommend]
Catherine Marsh and Jane Elliott (2008) Exploring Data: An Introduction to Data Analysis for Social Scientists, second edition
John Allen Paulos (1988) Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences
Nate Silver (2012) The Signal and the Noise: Why So Many Predictions Fail, but Some Don't
Nassim Nicholas Taleb (2005) Fooled by Randomness, second edition;
_______ (2010) The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable, second edition
(Excellent book, by the way)
Physics:
1. Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! (Adventures of a Curious Character) by Richard P. Feynman
2. The Universe in a Nutshell by Steven Hawking
Mathematics:
1. Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences by J.A. Paulos
2. Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid by D. Hofstadter
These books brilliantly illuminate the beauty in these fields. They show you that underneath all of that complex notation and "math speak" are beautiful ideas about life, the universe, and the nature of reality. These fueled me, even in to my PhD research. I still love them today.
Healey, Joseph (2014) Statistics: A Tool for Social Research, 10th Edition
For those seeking a good conceptual knowledge of statistics based on real-world examples, including criticism of the limitations of statistical analysis, I would suggest these excellent studies:
Lewis, Michael (2010) The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine
Paulos, John Allen (1988) Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences
Silver, Nate (2012) The Signal and the Noise: Why So Many Predictions Fail, but Some Don't
Taleb, Nassim Nicholas (2005/10) Fooled by Randomness, 2E; Black Swan: Impact of the Highly Improbable, 2E
Though written a fairly long time ago, the subject fares better over time than many more qualitative ones.