
Pre-Fascicle 5B is[2] entirely about (what Knuth considers an “introduction to”) backtrack programming, and Pre-Fascicle 5C follows it up with a special low-level technique for making backtracking more efficient, namely Dancing Links. And Fascicle 6 is about Satisfiability (aka SAT), the premier instance of a problem solved by “backtracking”. All of these are already available!
If you're interested in algorithms for combinatorial problems you should check out whatever Knuth has published since he started working on Volume 4; there's a lot of fresh material and he has a unique perspective of his own.
Edit: What I mean by unique perspective: For example, unlike mainstream Theory-CS, Knuth is not primarily interested in the asymptotic complexity of problems (despite being the “father” of analysis of algorithms and the popularizer of Big-O notation in computer science), but is interested rather in real programs that can be executed on real computers, and in the mathematical analysis thereof. Given a problem, what I can imagine a mainstream theoretical computer scientist doing is coming up with a suitable abstraction that is mathematically elegant, reducing the problem to/from other known problems, getting asymptotic upper and lower bounds on complexity, not minding if one ends up with a “galactic algorithm”, etc. What I can imagine Knuth doing is writing an assembly program (perhaps in MIX/MMIX, his best approximation to the wide variety of actual machine languages in existence), then doing a no-holds-barred mathematical analysis of its running time (not just Big-O but including the constants for the leading terms: here Big-O is used only to suppress less-useful information), then comparing this running time against empirical estimates derived from writing and running a C (or CWEB) program. See some talks on Sedgewick's site for examples of the difference (sorry can't find the exact reference right now).
[1]: https://cs.stanford.edu/~knuth/news19.html#targetText=5b (search for “5b” on the page)
[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Art_of_Comput...