
From the inventor of Pascal and Modula-2 comes a new version of Niklaus Wirth's classic work, Algorithms Plus Data Structure Equals Programs (PH, l975). This title uses Modula-2 and includes new material on sequential structure, searching and priority search trees.
The million dollar question.
More seriously, I love Pascal and similar. My first two books were Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs (Pascal) and Algorithms and Data Structures (Modula 2), both by Nicklaus Wirth.
"Algorithms and Data Structures" from Niklaus Wirth.
"Introduction to Algorithms, 3rd Edition" from Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, Clifford Stein.
"The Garbage Collection Handbook: The Art of Automatic Memory Management" from Richard Jones and Antony Hosking
"Code Complete" from Steve McConnell
"From Mathematics to Generic Programming" from Alexander Stepanov and Daniel Rose
There's a more recent edition available: "Algorithms and Data Structures".
Java packages are not that different from Go packages, in terms of CS concepts.
Except for the set of issues that are debated to death about Go, the language is quite modular in Mesa tradition.
Given Oberon's influence in Go's design[1], maybe you will find these books interesting,
From http://www.inf.ethz.ch/personal/wirth/ check "Algorithms and Data Structures", "Project Oberon", "Compiler Construction".
From http://ssw.jku.at/Research/Books/ check Object-Oriented Programming in Oberon-2.
"Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools" by Alfred V. Aho, Ravi Sethi and Jeffrey D. Ullman (a.k.a the "Dragon Book") "The Art of Computer Programming" by Donald Knuth "Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages and Computation" by John E. Hopcroft and Jeffrey D. Ullman
An amazing book, despite the fact that the core thesis of the first edition, that we were on the verge of permanent world domination by RISC architectures, turned out to be dead wrong:
"Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach" John L. Hennessy and David A. Patterson
Two books by Niklaus Wirth (A bit out of fashion, maybe because they were written in the "wrong" languages, and maybe because they were TOO concise in today's world of shovelware books. Wirth is the Strunk & White of CS writers):
"Algorithms and Data Structures" by Niklaus Wirth "Compiler Construction" by Niklaus Wirth
This book might be the one that impressed me most in my undergraduate studies, although I can't say I've done much with what I read there:
"Parallel Program Design: A Foundation" by K. Mani Chandy and Jayadev Misra