The story of Xuanzang, the monk who went from China to India in quest of Buddhist scriptures.
The closest Western example I can think of with a novel-like work similarly containing many disconnected episodic stories is Don Quixote.
If you want to try going in a totally different direction, I am a big fan of Abe Kobo's avant-garde work, such as The Box Man or the Ark Sakura. I guarantee it's unlike anything else you've read if you've avoided straying from the kiddie pool, playing with the whole structure of the novel itself and challenging your expectations constantly.
If you want to try some nonfiction, I have rarely read a Paul Theroux travel book I was bored by and I think Ryszard Kapuscinski is also great.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journey_to_the_West
..and not just for the fun Monkey bits.