
The name Genghis Khan often conjures the image of a relentless, bloodthirsty barbarian on horseback leading a ruthless band of nomadic warriors in the looting of the civilized world. But the surprising truth is that Genghis Khan was a visionary leader whose conquests joined backward Europe with the flourishing cultures of Asia to trigger a global awakening, an unprecedented explosion of technologies, trade, and ideas. In Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World, Jack Weatherford, the only Western scholar ever to be allowed into the Mongols' "Great Taboo"--Genghis Khan's homeland and forbidden burial site--tracks the astonishing story of Genghis Khan and his descendants, and their conquest and transformation of the world. Fighting his way to power on the remote steppes of Mongolia, Genghis Khan developed revolutionary military strategies and weaponry that emphasized rapid attack and siege warfare, which he then brilliantly used to overwhelm opposing armies in Asia, break the back of the Islamic world, and render the armored knights of Europe obsolete. Under Genghis Khan, the Mongol army never numbered more than 100,000 warriors, yet it subjugated more lands and people in twenty-five years than the Romans conquered in four hundred. With an empire that stretched from Siberia to India, from Vietnam to Hungary, and from Korea to the Balkans, the Mongols dramatically redrew the map of the globe, connecting disparate kingdoms into a new world order.
Recently, I stumbled upon the 6:40+ hour YouTube video, “The Mongols - Terror of the Steppe.” You might like it https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdFwMDuAnS4
He promoted individuals based on their abilities rather than their noble birth. This improved the efficiency of his military forces and fostered deep loyalty among his generals and soldiers. Under Genghis Khan’s direction, the Mongol army became a highly disciplined and fearsome force capable of overcoming any challenge.
Another surprise of that time was that he promoted religious tolerance within his empire, allowing people of different faiths—Muslim, Christian, Buddhist, or shamanist—to practice their religion freely. This was a pragmatic approach, as it helped to prevent rebellion and fostered loyalty among the diverse peoples under his rule. Under his leadership, the Mongol Empire became a cosmopolitan and multi-ethnic empire connected by trade routes and shared economic interests.
1. https://brajeshwar.com/#books
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan_and_the_Making_of...
Iirc it was that the figting forces of the various northern chinese states were comprised of conscript peasants whose diet consisted of grain and not much else, which stunted their growth among other things, meaning the mongols were significantly larger and stronger than them leading to certain mythologizing in the centuries afterwards. It probably also didn't help that the conscripted peasants were, well, conscript foot soldiers, wheras the mongols were willing participants on horseback
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