
The astrophysicist and director of the Hayden Planetarium delves into subjects including politics, religion, gender and race.
Galileo had just build the first ever telescope and he describes what he has discovered: there are incredibly more stars than can be seen by the naked eye; Jupiter has satellites; there are mountains on the moon and he has figured out their height from the length of their shadows... The book is full of the quiet excitement of a man who has discovered a new world, and seen what no man had seen before.
https://archive.org/details/siderealmessenge80gali/page/6/mo...
Very fun and readable. He's so excited to tell the world about what he's learned.
They published a Mandarin translation of Galileo's Starry Messenger and notes on sunspots within about 15 years of Messengers' first publication in Italy. They were successful in converting Japanese by not attempting to replace Japanese culture wholesale. The arrival of the Dominicans, the Dutch, and the end of the civil wars put a bloody stop to that, but their temporary success does demonstrate the efficacy of their methods. They stood up to National Socialism (among many others).
They also tried to defend Catholicism in England (and indeed ministered to cryptocatholics who weren't buying what Henry and Liz were selling). They became a stereotype arch-villain of the English propaganda of the era called the Black Legend. It's largely mixed with the historical truth in the modern popular imagination of the anglosphere by now (viz. Dan Brown) . It alleges that the Spanish were treacherous idolaters, fond of torture and so on. The Spanish indeed were rabid imperialists and religious bigots, but not to a unique degree for the age. The Jesuits were the ones being tortured in England for (religiously) aiding the silenced and powerless.
This tendency hasn't really changed. Liberation theology and its less extreme brethren have largely been products of Jesuit theology. At times it seems like they're among the few Catholics who read whole catechism (there are some surprisingly progressive ideas in it) and don't focus to great excess on sex and abortion.
It is important to remember the failings of the Church too.
