First off, i highly suggest that you expand this into a full-blown book. This could become a successor to a combination of {Adrian & Piotr's "Software Architecture with C++" + Fedor Pikus' "The Art of Writing Efficient Programs"} for the Agentic era.
I really like that you are using Lean4 for parts of code generation, tips for Agentic coding etc. which are all needed today. I myself have been thinking on these lines i.e. using formal methods for specification and verification so that agent-generated code can be "correct-by-construction" and efficient. Your write-up is the first i have seen which tries to provide the overall picture.
If you want one bit of advice on optimization, I can try one: follow your app architecture closely. This is where data structures that hold all of the important data live and this is what limits what is possible to achieve on performance. A lot of learning is narrowly focused to specific micro optimization techniques leaving big picture as an exercise.
1 Fedor Pikus, The Art of Writing Efficient Programs
Also see Victor Eijkhout's books : https://theartofhpc.com/
How would you compare this to The Art of Writing Efficient Programs by Fedor Pikus? I am looking for a comprehensive guide.