
1. Systems Operations is first and foremost about understanding systems, in all of their complexity, which means understanding the internals of your OS primarily.
2. Performance and networking, in particular, are super important areas to focus on understanding when it comes to learning the topic to help with software development.
3. A lot of it is about understanding concepts in abstract and being able to extrapolate to other situations and apply these concepts, so there's actually quite a lot of useful information that can be learned on one OS and still applied to another OS (or on one game engine and applied to another, et al).
Here's a few books I think are worth reading, not in any particular order of prevalence, but loosely categorized
Databases:
High Performance MySQL: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1449314287/
SQL Queries for Mere Mortals: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0321992474/
The Art of SQL: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0596008945/
Networking:
TCP/IP Illustrated: https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0201633469/wrichards... (updates on author's site at http://www.kohala.com/start/tcpipiv1.html)
The TCP/IP Guide: https://www.amazon.com/TCP-Guide-Comprehensive-Illustrated-P...
UNIX Network Programming: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0131411551
Beej's Guide to Network Programming: http://beej.us/guide/bgnet/
Operating Systems:
Operating Systems Concepts: https://www.amazon.com/Operating-System-Concepts-Abraham-Sil... (various editions, I have the 7th edition... I recommend you find the latest)
Modern Operating Systems: https://www.amazon.com/Modern-Operating-Systems-Andrew-Tanen... (the "Tanenbaum Book")
Operating Systems Design and Implementation: https://www.amazon.com/Operating-Systems-Design-Implementat-... (the other one, the "MINIX Book")
Windows Internals:
Part 1: https://www.amazon.com/Windows-Internals-Part-architecture-m...
Part 2: https://www.amazon.com/Windows-Internals-Part-2-7th/dp/01354... (I had the pleasure of being taught from this book by Mark Russinovich and David Solomon at a previous employer, was an amazing class and these books are incredible resources even applied outside of Windows, we used 5th edition, I linked 7th, which has the 2nd part pending publication).
MacOS Internals:
Part 1: https://www.amazon.com/MacOS-iOS-Internals-User-Mode/dp/0991...
Part 2: https://www.amazon.com/MacOS-iOS-Internals-II-Kernel/dp/0991...
Part 3: https://www.amazon.com/MacOS-iOS-Internals-III-Insecurity/dp...
Linux Kernel Programming:
Part 1: https://www.amazon.com/Linux-Kernel-Development-Cookbook-pro...
Part 2: https://www.amazon.com/Linux-Kernel-Programming-Part-Synchro...
The Linux Programming Interface: https://www.amazon.com/Linux-Programming-Interface-System-Ha...
General Systems Administration:
Essential Systems Administration: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0596003439/
UNIX and Linux Systems Administration Handbook: https://www.amazon.com/UNIX-Linux-System-Administration-Hand...
The Linux Command Line and Shell Scripting Bible: https://www.amazon.com/Linux-Command-Shell-Scripting-Bible/d...
UNIX Shell Programming: https://www.amazon.com/Unix-Shell-Programming-Stephen-Kochan...
BASH Hackers Wiki: https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/
TLDP Advanced BASH Scripting Guide: https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/
The Debian Administrator's Handbook: https://debian-handbook.info/browse/stable/
TLDP Linux System Administrator's Guide: https://tldp.org/LDP/sag/html/index.html
Performance & Benchmarking:
Systems Performance: https://www.amazon.com/Systems-Performance-Brendan-Gregg-dp-... (this is Brendan Gregg's book where you learn about the magic of dtrace)
BPF Performance Tools: https://www.amazon.com/Performance-Tools-Addison-Wesley-Prof... (the newer Brendan Gregg book about BPF, stellar)
The Art of Computer Systems Performance Analysis: https://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/books/perfbook.htm (no longer available from Amazon, but is available direct from publisher. This is basically the one book you should read about creating and structuring benchmarks or performance tests)
I guess that's a "reading list", but this is just a small part of what you need to know to excel in systems operations.
I would say for the typical software developer writing web applications, the most important thing to know is how databases work and how networking works, since these are going to be the primary items affecting your application performance. But there's obviously topics not included in this list that are also worth understanding, such as browser/DOM internals, how caching and CDNs work, and web-specific optimizations that can be achievable with HTTP/2 or QUIC.
For the average software developer writing desktop applications, I'd say make sure you /really/ understand OS internals... at the base everything you do on a computer system is based on what the OS provides to you. Even though you are abstracted (possibly many layers) away from this, being able to peel back the layers and understand what's /really/ happening is essential to writing high-quality application code that is performant and secure, as well as making you a champ at debugging issues.
If you're trying to get into systems operations as a field, this is just a brush over the top surface and there's a lot deeper diving required.
Either way, the industry landscape will change, but the old stuff will still be around and still relevant reference. Therefore, start studying old classics of CS, with a focus on fundamental algorithms, compilers and older, simpler language specifications.
It is extremely likely that even if this man doesn't have access to the Internet, the computer he uses has a web browser, and therefore some version of Javascript. Therefore, I would pick Web tech as the entry point: Learning Web Design: A Beginner's Guide to HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and Web Graphics, Javascript the Definitive Guide, Eloquent Javascript, and Javascript the Good Parts.
Failing that, he will probably have to bootstrap from Windows batch files and x86 machine code into a programming environment. I will ignore that possibility, since AFAIK nobody has tried to tutorialize such a task.
To complement the JS stuff, a general outline book. I like Schaum's Outline of Principles of Computer Science.
Then all the "big hits":
The Art of Computer Programming
Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs
The C Programming Language
The Little Schemer, Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs, and Common Lisp the Language.
Starting Forth, Thinking Forth, and the Forth-83 standard
Smalltalk-80 the Language
Programming in Prolog: Using the ISO Standard
A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks (Codd 1970) plus SQL Queries for Mere Mortals for the practical.
For automated testing, I'm in the middle of reading Developer Testing by Alexander Tarlinder, with xUnit Test Patterns by Gerard Meszaros coming close behind. I'm also working through Test-Driven Development: By Example with my wife as we have time.
For SQL, I read Grokking Relational Database Design by Qiang Hao last winter, and I started SQL Queries for Mere Mortals by John Viescas this week. Sadly, my flub with "left inner join" was not a joke.
For OOP, I've been on a whirlwind tour: OOA&D With Applications by Booch et al., Object Thinking by David West, POODR and 99 Bottles of OOP by Sandi Metz, Domain-Driven Design by Eric Evans, IDDD and DDDD by Vaughn Vernon, Design Patterns in Ruby by Russ Olsen, Clean Architecture by Robert C. Martin, and Smalltalk Best Practice Patterns by Kent Beck. Still on the docket are Design Patterns by the Gang of Four, PoEAA by Martin Fowler, Smalltalk, Objects, and Design by Chamond Liu, and Object Design by Rebecca Wirfs-Brock.
> confessing that you don't know something and gleefully stopping there is not much better [...] we shouldn't let shamelessness about what we don't know limit us either
I promise you, this was not gleeful and this was not shameless. Shame and fear affected me for months on these issues. And I'm not stopping there... From the end of the article: "I’m going to continue to work on skill building, but now I feel free to write about it. If [...] you’d like to help me fill [my knowledge gaps], [...]"
> if you want to write a blog about a topic, then part of the requirements here is that you do hold yourself to a high standard
A high standard of writing, maybe. But plenty of great stories come from those who are striving for a high standard, not just those already in the upper echelon. It's what makes this place different from academic journals.
