
Christos H. Papadimitriou and Kenneth Steiglitz have combined the theory of computational complexity developed by computer scientists, and the foundations of mathematical programming developed by the operations research community. This text will be useful to students with a wide range of backgrounds, including computer science, operations research, and electrical engineering.
* Graph Theory And Its Applications by Jonathan Gross and Jay Yellen
* Introduction to Graph Theory by Richard J. Trudeau
comprehensive/expensive:
* Graph Theory And Its Applications by Jonathan Gross and Jay Yellen
* graph theory with computer systems emphasis: Applied Combinatorics by Alan Tucker
misc other sources:
* graph theory: https://diestel-graph-theory.com/
* Harris' Combinatorics and Graph Theory
* Graph Theory by Douglas B West
* combinatorial Optimization by Papadimitriou and Steiglitz
Alexander Schrijver [1] has lecture notes on Combinatorial Optimization on his website [2]. He also has an affordable 1800 page three volume set of books "Combinatorial Optimization - Polyhedra and Efficiency" [3], although I would say it is better suited as reference material because it is quite densely written.
There is also the classic book "Combinatorial Optimization - Algorithms and Complexity" [4] by Papadimitriou (Bill Gates' MSc thesis supervisor) and Steiglitz that is a nice introduction to the topic as well.
"In Pursuit of the Traveling Salesman - Mathematics at the Limits of Computation" by William J. Cook [5] is a more popular science book on the history of the Traveling Salesman Problem, that also explains how linear programming is used in the state of the art solvers, but is of course focuses on a very specific problem. There is also a book that contains all the scientific and mathematical details by Applegate, Bixby, Chvátal and Cook [6] if that is preferred.
In recent years, there is a trend that mathematical optimization researchers work more with ML. In particular Dimitris Bertsimas has done some work on the intersection of those area's in recent years [7] and apparently has a book on the topic as well [8] (but I am not familiar with it).
[1] https://homepages.cwi.nl/~lex/ [2] https://homepages.cwi.nl/~lex/files/dict.pdf [3] https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783540443896 [4] https://www.amazon.com/Combinatorial-Optimization-Algorithms... [5] https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691163529/in... [6] http://www.math.uwaterloo.ca/tsp/book/index.html [7] https://dbertsim.mit.edu/papers/ [8] https://www.dynamic-ideas.com/books/machine-learning-under-a...