
Across all my friends I have seen the results of tai chi (several types), yoga (several types), traditional chinese bone setting, acupuncture, many types of massage, alexander technique, qi gong routines, weigh training, osteopathy, surgery and lots more. I think there's a lot of evidence people should try to avoid surgery.
Two people I respect who had tried everything else rave about "Pain Free" by Pete Egoscue.
The reason for my comment is that in my experience, back pain is treatable much more often than people think. But no one thing seems to work for everybody. And the level of talent and expertise of the instructor/healer is usually more important than the label someone gives to their modality.
So if you are in pain, keep investigating! Keep trying different things! And don't fall in to the "x didn't work." fallacy. A different practitioner might do the job even if they say they are doing the same treatment.
And if something works, it will work fairly quickly and shouldn't need ongoing expensive treatment by the same person indefinitely. This stuff is usually solvable.
What exercises did you find most beneficial for strengthening?
On a related note -- I periodically do stretches where I stand on one leg and roll my hip & waist out to the side extending it behind me -- that helps alleviate tension in the side.
Similar - hanging on my forearms from chairs or those ab machines at the gym.
Pain Free (a method for stopping chronic pain) has 4.5 stars over 800 reviews @ http://www.amazon.com/Pain-Free-Revolutionary-Stopping-Chron...
It gives you a set of targeted exercises depending on your self-diagnosis. His secret weapon is the 'Supine Groin Stretch', shown here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uXYQWFkVTDI. I recommend trying it at least once. The stretch opened my eyes to how my body should and could feel.
I had a horribly seized neck a while ago where I couldn't look over my left shoulder. This had come on after visiting a physio for a very stiff upper back (a legacy of military service and lots of programming). I bought the book after reading about it in the 4 hour body and did 1 set of the exercises. My neck had more range of motion after 25 minutes than it had for months and several hundred pounds worth of physio appointments.
This and other information on self treating trigger points (http://saveyourself.ca/tutorials/trigger-points.php) has got my back in better shape than before I joined the marines!
What finally cured me was a physical therapy book called "Pain Free: A Revolutionary Method for Stopping Chronic Pain by Pete Egoscue" (http://amzn.com/0553379887).
This book completely changed my life. The exercise can seem a bit odd, but they worked amazingly well for me. I was almost completely back to normal within a month.