Adrian Kennard (RevK) is CEO of UK ISP Andrews & Arnold and writes about networking, embedded hardware, and odd technical history.
HN commenters say his blog is always worth reading, and recommend his ISP, AAISP, which builds its own network devices; his NTP server hardware is also noted.
This is one reason why I spend considerably more money on a mere 40MBit DSL link to my preferred ISP rather than (since I live in a city where it's available) getting a fairly cheap gigabit link.
The ISP is basically somebody's personal mission, grown into a modestly successful business, specifically this guy: https://revk.uk/
I have only called them like twice since buying this place years ago, once to order a more modern DSL router, and once because my service died (electricity cable under a road literally exploded, turns out the nearby cabinet full of DSL hardware didn't like that). Each time I talked to somebody like a colleague, who understands different things than me but doesn't treat me like an idiot and expects the same in return.
We would both understand why "There's no place like ::1" is funny, and both know that "It's always DNS" is both true more often than you expect, and yet not so reliably true as to rule out all the other possible causes. When I called for the exploded DSL, they didn't waste my time asking me to try power cycling things, they were able to trace the actual problem, and quickly found out what I cared about and while I was disappointed [no Internet!] I understood what was happening and why, success.
The other reason I'm with them is that they don't do censorship. Lots of UK ISPs have "optional" censorship (you know to protect the precious children) and then of course a judge says well, you've got the technology so if I order you to take…
Check your local law. In some jurisdictions, you can charge interest, or penalties. You can be gentle about it - give fair warning, reminder that intrest is starting to accrue, etc. But customers don't generally want liabilities to increase, so will prefer to pay before extra costs are incurred.
Here is one company's experience (UK focused): https://www.revk.uk/2026/03/late-payments.html
It depends a lot on your relationship with the customer as well, I guess. Some may get butthurt about it, for others, your relationship is with a person in a different dept to the people organising the payments, you can send interest notices to the finance dept without worrying the person who wants your services.
RevK's blog has a lot of interesting posts on it.
https://www.revk.uk/
He also runs an excellent ISP in the UK called AAISP which I can highly recommend (https://www.aa.net.uk)
AAISP build their own core & customer networking devices/routers from scratch (not Linux based) in the UK. They are fascinating to use - a completely different evolutionary tree to any other networking kit I've used. Some unique features.
https://www.firebrick.co.uk/fb9000/
> but there is no chance of running data over the same circuit
Maybe true for top of the line fiber connections, but I honestly wouldn't underestimate the resilience of ADSL https://www.revk.uk/2017/12/its-official-adsl-works-over-wet-string.html
Edit: Actually here's an exact case where the phone line no longer functioned due to a break, but ADSL soldiered on: https://forums.whirlpool.net.au/archive/9yzp5wr3
You should follow Adrian Kennard's blog: http://www.revk.uk/
He's the CEO of AAISP, arguably the best and most transparent ISP in the UK (also quite a small one).
On costs, there's also contracts with other ISPs (most lines are leased from other ISPs, not leased by the ISP itself), customer hardware (routers and other gadgets), marketing, support, subcontracts for personnel across the country, etc.
Piling-on to my own comment: Searching the site https://www.revk.uk for the keyword "firebrick" returns a ton of results detailing the development. It looks like it's exactly what it says on the tin-- a proprietary operating system with its own implementations of a ton of protocols.
I wish I had a reason to interview RevK about the Firebrick code. I think it would be an immensely interesting topic.